That's a good question. It has been asked many times in the message boards. And I do not think there is a conclusive and easy answer beyond general advice, like have a good game and make the target audience find that game. Both of those tasks ain't easy.
Though the question is usually phrased differently. There is a point to be made, that there can be a difference between having a popular game and gaining followers. Like, people might play your game, but do not follow, or they follow, but do not play the game. And even if you have one or both of those, people might still not buy the game.
For your specific case, the most deterring thing is the fact that you submitted your game to a dozen jams. You can have maybe 1 jam plus a charity jam. More than that makes you look like a spammer and any ratings and comments look hollow. Meaning they probably come from other developers and not players.
A naturally grown and advertised popularity on Itch, according to my observations, looks something like this: followers is somewhere between 4 times the ratings and 20 times the ratings. So with 30+ ratings you should have 120 to 600 followers. You can verify this by just looking at games. Pick randomly and see how many ratings the main game has and how many followers. (Like, hempuli has 12k followers and Baba has 1.2k ratings.)
As for your game, I do like Baba Is You, and some puzzle games, but not many. I tried your game for 5 minutes. It was not appealing to me.