Post your ticket number here. It might speed up the support issue.
And of course your account is still connected to your payment options. That's why practically all payment options have additional security features at the moment of paying. So that people knowing your card numbers cannot just simply use it. You should periodically check your credit card for suspicous activity anyway. And also make sure you do not use the same password on other sites that were associated with the email adress of your stolen account.
If the game is no longer available on Itch, recovering your account will not give you that game. Unless it is one of the cases where the developer made the page unavailable for new buyers but it is still available for previous purchases.