I think you’re being way too hard on yourself in the description. It’s not a mess at all, especially given the speed write time frame. It’s actually a thoughtful concept on what would you give up to survive and what would you protect with a real world precedent behind it. I enjoyed reading it.
Couple of other comments that are a bit spoilery so under tag:
Extra thoughts
Quite possibly just the lack of time to set this up, but it didn't feel like we were always in space. I wasn't sure but sometimes it seemed like maybe we were on a moonbase of something? (Still had gravity, notes of the rescue party drilling down). But then at other times it felt more like we were on a ship (certain places wanting the samples, I think there was a mention of a bridge at one point from memory?) I also would have loved even a one or two line explanation about why all these precious Earth artifacts and samples were there rather than back on Earth, why they were so vital to be there, and why in the cases of things like seeds they were irreplaceable/of such high importance (compared to core samples, fossils etc) rather than going back to Earth for more.It might have hit even harder, if the more important samples were stored in a way that would mean they would possibly remain safe from a radiation breach. That would make the decision about whether they were worth human lives even harder. But you’ve still done a great job with the decision of what the human protag is willing to give up to keep everything running.